^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^GROUP
QUOTA^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GROUP QUOTA ___ means to apply the quota
on the users of a particular group so that they can
Use
only the limited resources like
They
can use assigned amount of space on the hard drive
Or they can make
only assigned amount of files on his particular directory.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
No more files
no more space
If a single
user use the all limits then other users can do nothing not can make files and
not modify there files to big files because they have not the space to expend
there files.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1_To apply quota on a
group we have the knowledge of all group permissions to apply them also.
# fdisk /dev/sda
# ( commnd ( m for help))
n -------- new partition.
# rm -rf
/dev/fd0 _______ disable floppy
# partprobe ____________ refresh mounting point
# mke2fs -j /dev/sda5 ___________ format the new partition
2_ we have to make a
partition and then make a directory mount permanently this partition with
That directory in the fstab file.
# vi /etc/fstab_________________ fstab file open
/dev/sda5 /data
ext3 defaults,grpquota 0
0
:wq!
___________save n exit
LOOK HERE
IMPORTANT STEP}
# mount -a _______ refresh mounting point.
#df
-TH __________ check for
the mounted partition
3_ now make a group in the
system. Which is used for the group quota?
# groupadd sales_________to add a group.
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Here I want to
show the full structure of what’s
happening.>>>>>>>>>>
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Now if we apply
the permissions on the {/data} directory or on the group using group ids then
all permissions will be applied on the users whose are under the groups.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
4_now change the directory
which is mounted, as a directory of the group.
# chgrp sales
/data ________ now the
directory of the group is the /data directory.
5_ now to give the permissions to the directory.
# chmod 3777 /data _________ to /data directory permissions.
Group users level security
Security here is the sgid and stickbit
permissions are applied on the group by the administrator.
Group level
securities are applied as a first bit of the security equations
Suid =4
Sgid =2
Stickbit=1
6_ now to check if the
quota is been applied on this partition or is it ready for the quoata____
# quotacheck -g
/dev/sda5 ________ to check
the quota on this partition.
If this command runs it
means that it is able to apply the quota on this partition.
7_ now to activate the quota on this partition.
# quotaon -g
/dev/sda7 _________ now
quota is on at this partition.
Now before
editing the quota on this partition we have to add the users in this group
there is a
Special method
to add the new users in this group and as well as in the directory of the group
So why if we apply the quota on the directory
of the group it is applied indirectly on the all users of the group, and they
have to follow the quota
POINT /___ point
is here is that if there are four users in the
group and if only one is use all the limits of the quota mean if he
cross the hard limit of space usage or
as well as the no of maximum files they all users can make then other users do
nothing not can make a file or not even can modify there existing file because
they have no additional space for the editing in the file, because only one of
there partner is cross the all limits,. So they can do nothing.
8_ NOW HOW TO
ADD USERS IN THE GROUP AS WELL AS IN THE DIRECTOTY ….
#useradd
-d /data {username} ___________ to add a user in this
directory.
# passwd { username} __________ to give the password to the
user.
We are attach this users to
the directory but now we have to make it
the member of group we made ___
So to make it the member of this group
there is also a special command to add
in group__
#usermod
-G {groupname} { username} _________ to add a user in the group.
Now this user is the member
og the group as well as its hoem directory is
/data now.
Remember to copy bash files from etc to that directory in which we made the
users
# cp /etc/skel/.bash* /data ________________ to copy bash files
9_ to check if the user is now the member of the
group to check it open a special file in the /etc
# vi /etc/group
____________ the file
contain the information of all groups in it ..
Shift+g
__ to go to bottom of the file group is there
to see.
10_ now to apply quota on
the group we have to edit quota for the group________
as
# edqouta -g
{group name} ________ to edit quota for the group.
11_ to CHECK if
the quota is been applied on the group
# repquota -avg _________ to check quota for the
group.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
{{{ # poweroff }}} is also a command
for shutdown remember it ok ______________
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